Review
Interplay between inflammation and cancer

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpor.2020.04.004 Get rights and content
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Abstract

Tumor-promoting inflammation is one of the hallmarks of cancer. It has been shown that cancer development is strongly influenced by both chronic and acute inflammation process. Progress in research on inflammation revealed a connection between inflammatory processes and neoplastic transformation, the progression of tumour, and the development of metastases and recurrences. Moreover, the tumour invasive procedures (both surgery and biopsy) affect the remaining tumour cells by increasing their survival, proliferation and migration. One of the concepts explaining this phenomena is an induction of a wound healing response. While in normal tissue it is necessary for tissue repair, in tumour tissue, induction of adaptive and innate immune response related to wound healing, stimulates tumour cell survival, angiogenesis and extravasation of circulating tumour cells. It has become evident that certain types of immune response and immune cells can promote tumour progression more than others. In this review, we focus on current knowledge on carcinogenesis and promotion of cancer growth induced by inflammatory processes.

Keywords

Inflammation
Cancer
Tumor reccurence

Abbreviations

ANGPTL4
angiopoietin-like 4
bFGF
fibroblast growth factor
CDH1
cadherin 1
COX
cyclooxygenase
EMT
epithelail to mesenchymal transition
EP
receptor - prostaglandin receptor
GI
gastrointensinal cancer
IL-6
interleukin 6
iNOS
inducible nitric oxide synthase
MPO
myeloperoxidase
NADPH
nicotynamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen
NFκB
nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NK
natural killer cells
NO
nitric oxide
NSAIDs
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
PGE2
prostaglandin E2
PTHrP
parathyroid hormone related protein
RNS
reactive nitrogen species
ROS
reactive oxigen species
STAT3
signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
TGFBRII
transforming growth factor, beta receptor II
TGF-β
transforming growth factor β
TNFR1
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1
TNFR2
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2
TNF-α
tumour necrosis factor α
VEGF
vascular endothelail growth factor

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