Genistein and Cancer: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Directions
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genistein
cancer
source
bioavailability
safety
Abbreviations
ABCG2
ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2
AP-1
activator protein 1
ATO
arsenic trioxide
ATR
ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase
Bax
Bcl-2–associated X protein
Bcl-2
B cell lymphoma 2
BRCA
breast cancer growth suppressor protein
Cdc2/Cdk1
cell division cycle protein 2 homolog/cyclin-dependent kinase 1
Cdc25B
cell division cycle 25B
CENPF
centromere protein F
COX-2
cyclooxygenase 2
CYP
cytochrome P450
dFMGEN
7-difluoromethyl-5,4′-dimethoxygenistein
DKK1
Dickkopf-related protein 1
EGFR
epidermal growth factor receptor
ER
estrogen receptor
ERK
extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FoxM1
Forkhead box protein M1
GCSC
gastric cancer stem cell
Gli1
glioma-associated oncogene family zinc finger 1
GST
glutathione S-transferase
HCC
hepatocellular carcinoma cell
IFS
isoflavone synthase
INT-1
integration 1
IκB
inhibitor of NF-κB
KIF
kinesin-like protein
MMP-9
matrix metalloproteinase 9
PCNA
proliferating cell nuclear antigen
PI3K/Akt
phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt
PTEN
phosphatase and tensin homolog
SCLC
small cell lung cancer
THIF
5,7,3′,4′ tetrahydroxyisoflavone
TNFR-1
tumor necrosis factor receptor 1
TRAIL
tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand
TSA
trichostatin A
UGT
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
Wnt/β-catenin
Wingless and integration 1 β-catenin
Cited by (0)
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A Sureda was supported by CIBEROBN (CB12/03/30038).
Author disclosures: C Spagnuolo, GL Russo, IE Orhan, S Habtemariam, M Daglia, A Sureda, SF Nabavi, KP Devi, MR Loizzo, R Tundis, and SM Nabavi, no conflicts of interest.
Copyright © 2015 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.