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Hydroalcoholic Seed Extract of Coriandrum sativum (Coriander) Alleviates Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress in Different Regions of Rat Brain

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Abstract

Lead exposure is known to cause apoptotic neurodegeneration and neurobehavioral abnormalities in developing and adult brain by impairing cognition and memory. Coriandrum sativum is an herb belonging to Umbelliferae and is reported to have a protective effect against lead toxicity. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to evaluate the protective activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of C. sativum seed against lead-induced oxidative stress. Male Wistar strain rats (100–120 g) were divided into four groups: control group: 1,000 mg/L of sodium acetate; exposed group: 1,000 mg/L lead acetate for 4 weeks; C. sativum treated 1 (CST1) group: 250 mg/kg body weight/day for seven consecutive days after 4 weeks of lead exposure; C. sativum treated 2 (CST2) group: 500 mg/kg body weight/day for seven consecutive days after 4 weeks of lead exposure. After the exposure and treatment periods, rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, and the whole brain was immediately isolated and separated into four regions: cerebellum, hippocampus, frontal cortex, and brain stem along with the control group. After sacrifice, blood was immediately collected into heparinized vials and stored at 4 °C. In all the tissues, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation products (LPP), and total protein carbonyl content (TPCC) were estimated following standard protocols. An indicator enzyme for lead toxicity namely delta-amino levulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) activity was determined in the blood. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in ROS, LPP, and TPCC levels was observed in exposed rat brain regions, while δ-ALAD showed a decrease indicating lead-induced oxidative stress. Treatment with the hydroalcoholic seed extract of C. sativum resulted in a tissue-specific amelioration of oxidative stress produced by lead.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by NIH/NCMHD/MHIRT, Grant no. 9 T37MD001532 awarded to Bettaiya Rajanna at Alcorn State University, MS, USA. Dale Williams was MHIRT (Minority Health International Research Training) undergraduate student participant. The authors thank the administration of Andhra University for providing research facilities for this international collaboration of undergraduate research program for students.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Animal Physiology and Toxicology, Department of Zoology, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India

    Manoj Kumar Velaga & Prabhakara Rao Yallapragada

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS, USA

    Dale Williams, Sharada Rajanna & Rajanna Bettaiya

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  1. Manoj Kumar Velaga
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  2. Prabhakara Rao Yallapragada
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  3. Dale Williams
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Correspondence to Prabhakara Rao Yallapragada.

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Velaga, M.K., Yallapragada, P.R., Williams, D. et al. Hydroalcoholic Seed Extract of Coriandrum sativum (Coriander) Alleviates Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress in Different Regions of Rat Brain. Biol Trace Elem Res 159, 351–363 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-014-9989-4

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