Role of Polyphenols on Gut Microbiota and the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Hanieh Nargeh
Hanieh NargehDepartment of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417466191, IranMore by Hanieh Nargeh
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- Fatemeh Aliabadi
Fatemeh AliabadiPhysiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, IranMore by Fatemeh Aliabadi
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- Marjan Ajami*
Marjan AjamiFaculty of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 7th Floor, Bldg No. 2 SBUMS, Arabi Avenue, Daneshjoo Boulevard, Velenjak, Tehran 19839-63113, IranMore by Marjan Ajami
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- Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi*
Hamidreza Pazoki-ToroudiPhysiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, IranDepartment of Physiology and Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, IranMore by Hamidreza Pazoki-Toroudi
Abstract
Today, neurodegenerative diseases have become a remarkable public health challenge due to their direct relation with aging. Accordingly, understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms occurring in the pathogenesis of them is essential. Both protein aggregations as a result of the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) inefficiency and gut microbiota alternation are the main pathogenic hallmarks. Polyphenols upregulating this system may decrease the developing rate of neurodegenerative diseases. Most of the dietary intake of polyphenols is converted into other microbial metabolites, which have completely different biological properties from the original polyphenols and should be thoroughly investigated. Herein, several prevalent neurodegenerative diseases are pinpointed to explain the role of gut microbiota alternations and the role of molecular changes, especially UPS down-regulation in their pathogenesis. Some of the most important polyphenols found in our diet are explained along with their microbial metabolites in the body.
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