Nutrient regulation of signaling, transcription, and cell physiology by O-GlcNAcylation

The nutrient sensor, O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), cycles on and off nuclear and cytosolic proteins to regulate many cellular processes, including transcription and signaling. Dysregulated O-GlcNAcylation and its interplay with phosphorylation contribute to the etiology of diabetes, cancer, and neurodegeneration. Herein, we review recent findings about O-GlcNAc's regulation of cell physiology.