The Journal of Pathology

Volume 216, Issue 1 p. 15-24

Original Paper

Possible involvement of the M2 anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in growth of human gliomas^†

Y Komohara,

Y Komohara

Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

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K Ohnishi,

K Ohnishi

Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

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J Kuratsu,

J Kuratsu

Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

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M Takeya,

Corresponding Author

M Takeya

[email protected]

Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.Search for more papers by this author

Y Komohara,

Y Komohara

Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

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K Ohnishi,

K Ohnishi

Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

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J Kuratsu,

J Kuratsu

Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

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M Takeya,

Corresponding Author

M Takeya

[email protected]

Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan.Search for more papers by this author

First published: 17 April 2008

https://doi.org/10.1002/path.2370

Citations: 578

^†

No conflicts of interest were declared.

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Abstract

Within tumours, many non-neoplastic cells such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages assist tumour growth by producing various growth factors and pro-angiogenic cytokines. Various tumour-derived molecules drive tumour-associated macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype (M2) and thus promoting tumour growth. Here we investigated microglia/macrophage differentiation in glioma tissues by means of immunostaining of paraffin-embedded glioma samples. The number of microglia/macrophages with positive staining for CD163 and CD204, which are believed to be markers for M2 macrophages, was correlated with the histological grade of the gliomas. The ratio of M2 macrophages in the tumour-associated microglia/macrophages was also associated with the histological grade. Culture supernatant from the glioma cell line can stimulate macrophages to develop into the M2 phenotype in vitro. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), which strongly induces M2 polarization of macrophages, was significantly correlated with histological malignancy and with the proportion of M2 microglia/macrophages in vivo. In addition, the proportion of M2 microglia/macrophages and M-CSF expression in tumour cells correlated well with proliferation of glioblastoma cells. These results suggest that tumour-derived M-CSF induces a shift of microglia/macrophages towards the M2 phenotype, which influences tumour growth. Evaluation of the proportion of M2 microglia/macrophages and M-CSF expression in tumour tissue would be useful for assessment of microglia/macrophage proliferative activity and the prognosis of patients with gliomas. Copyright © 2008 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Volume216, Issue1

September 2008

Pages 15-24

Possible involvement of the M2 anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in growth of human gliomas^†

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Possible involvement of the M2 anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in growth of human gliomas†

Abstract

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Possible involvement of the M2 anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in growth of human gliomas^†