a SA Localio Laboratory for Surgical Research (Plitas, Gagne, Ianus, Shaw, Beudjekian, Shamamian), New York, NY USA
b Division of Vascular Surgery (Gagne, Jacobowitz, Rockman), New York, NY USA
c Department of Surgery (Muhs), New York, NY USA
d Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Delgado), New York, NY USA
e the Veterans Administration New York Harbor Healthcare System (Shamamian), New York, NY USA
f NYU School of Medicine (Shamamian), New York, NY, USA
Received July 11, 2002; revised October 28, 2002; accepted December 10, 2002.
☆No competing interests declared.
Presented at the American College of Surgeons 87th Annual Clinical Congress, Surgical Forum, New Orleans, LA, October 2001.