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Curcuminoid Demethylation as an Alternative Metabolism by Human Intestinal Microbiota

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Metalloenzyme Research Group and Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
*(J.H.) Phone: +82 31 670 4830. Fax: +82 31 675 1381. E-mail: [email protected]
Cite this: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2017, 65, 16, 3305–3310
Publication Date (Web):April 12, 2017
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00943
Copyright © 2017 American Chemical Society

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    Abstract

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    Curcumin and other curcuminoids from Curcuma longa are important bioactive compounds exhibiting various pharmacological activities. In addition to the known reductive metabolism of curcuminoids, an alternative biotransformation of curcuminoids by human gut microbiota is reported herein. A curcuminoid mixture, composed of curcumin (1), demethoxycurcumin (2), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (3), was metabolized by the human intestinal bacterium Blautia sp. MRG-PMF1. 1 and 2 were converted to new metabolites by the methyl aryl ether cleavage reaction. Two metabolites, demethylcurcumin (4) and bisdemethylcurcumin (5), were sequentially produced from 1, and demethyldemethoxycurcumin (6) was produced from 2. Until now, sequential reduction of the heptadienone backbone of curcuminoids was the only known metabolism to occur in the human intestine. In this study, a new intestinal metabolism of curcuminoids was discovered. Demethylation of curcuminoids produced three new colonic metabolites that were already known as promising synthetic curcumin analogues. The results could explain the observed beneficial effects of turmeric.

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    The Supporting Information is available free of charge on the ACS Publications website at DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00943.

    • Curcuminoid biotransformation by the three different mixed cell cultures (Figure S1), bisdemethoxycurcumin (3) biotransformation by Blautia sp. MRG-PMF1 (Figure S2), and ESI-MS spectra of curcuminoids and the metabolites (Figure S3) (PDF)

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