Title |
Modulation of Gut Microbiota: A Novel Paradigm of Enhancing the Efficacy of Programmed Death-1 and Programmed Death Ligand-1 Blockade Therapy
|
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Published in |
Frontiers in immunology, March 2018
|
DOI | 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00374 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Yiming Wang, Rena Ma, Fang Liu, Seul A. Lee, Li Zhang |
Abstract |
Blockade of programmed death 1 (PD-1) protein and its ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been used as cancer immunotherapy in recent years, with the blockade of PD-1 being more widely used than blockade of PD-L1. PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade therapy showed benefits in patients with various types of cancer; however, such beneficial effects were seen only in a subgroup of patients. Improving the efficacy of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade therapy is clearly needed. In this review, we summarize the recent studies on the effects of gut microbiota on PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade and discuss the new perspectives on improving efficacy of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade therapy in cancer treatment through modulating gut microbiota. We also discuss the possibility that chronic infections or inflammation may impact on PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade therapy. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Australia | 3 | 43% |
United States | 1 | 14% |
United Kingdom | 1 | 14% |
Unknown | 2 | 29% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 7 | 100% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Unknown | 89 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 23 | 26% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 14 | 16% |
Student > Master | 11 | 12% |
Student > Bachelor | 8 | 9% |
Other | 5 | 6% |
Other | 5 | 6% |
Unknown | 23 | 26% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 19 | 21% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 18 | 20% |
Immunology and Microbiology | 10 | 11% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 8 | 9% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 2 | 2% |
Other | 4 | 4% |
Unknown | 28 | 31% |