Convergence of Campylobacter Species: Implications for Bacterial Evolution
Abstract
The nature of species boundaries in bacteria remains controversial. In particular, the mechanisms of bacterial speciation and maintenance in the face of frequent genetic exchange are poorly understood. Here, we report patterns of genetic exchange that show two closely related zoonotic pathogenic species, Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli, are converging as a consequence of recent changes in gene flow. Population expansion into a novel ecological niche generated by human activity is the most probable explanation for the increase in genetic exchange between these species. Bacterial speciation can therefore occur by mechanisms analogous to those seen in metazoans, where genetic diversification and incipient speciation caused by ecological factors have been reported in several genera.
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This work was funded by the U.K. Department of Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs (DEFRA, contract numbers OZ0604 and OZ0611) and the Food Standards Agency (contract number B15011). M.C.J.M. is a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow in Basic Biological Sciences, N.D.McC. was funded by a Wellcome Trust Clinical Training Fellowship, and D.F. was funded by a Wellcome Trust Research Career Development Fellowship and is currently funded by the Science Foundation of Ireland. This publication made use of the Campylobacter jejuni Multi Locus Sequence Typing Web site (http://pubmlst.org/campylobacter/) developed by K. Jolley and M.-S. Chan and sited at the University of Oxford (32). The development of this site has been funded by the Wellcome Trust and DEFRA.
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Published In
Science
Volume 320 | Issue 5873
11 April 2008
11 April 2008
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American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Submission history
Received: 22 January 2008
Accepted: 11 March 2008
Published in print: 11 April 2008
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- Samuel K. Sheppard et al.
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