Molecular phylogeny of two coelomycetous fungal genera with stellate conidia, Prosthemium and Asterosporium, on Fagales trees
Abstract
Prosthemium (teleomorph Pleomassaria) and Asterosporium (teleomorph unknown) are coelomycetous genera with stellate conidia on Fagales trees. Their morphological resemblance suggests their close relationship, but phylogenetic relatedness remains unknown. They have been distinguished on the basis of either conidiomatal morphology (pycnidia in Prosthemium and acervuli in Asterosporium) or their differing conidial septation (euseptate in Prosthemium and distoseptate in Asterosporium). To reveal their phylogenetic affinities and clarify reliable distinguishing phenotypical characters, five species of Prosthemium and two species of Asterosporium were investigated using sequences of the small subunit, large subunit, and internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear ribosomal DNA and β-tubulin gene from 43 isolates of these species. The analyses revealed the following: (i) Asterosporium typified by Asterosporium asterospermum on Fagus is a member of the Sordariomycetes and is distinct from Prosthemium belonging to the Dothideomycetes; (ii) Asterosporium betulinum on Betula species should be excluded from Asterosporium and transferred to Prosthemium as Prosthemium neobetulinum nom. nov.; (iii) conidial septation does not seem to have a diagnostic value, whereas conidiomatal morphology is useful in distinguishing both genera; (iv) the number and length of conidial arms are useful criteria in distinguishing Prosthemium species. A new species, Prosthemium intermedium sp. nov., found on both Betula ermanii and Betula maximowicziana, is described and illustrated.
Résumé
Les Prosthemium (téléomorphe Pleomassaria) et Asterosporium (téléomorphe inconnu) constituent des genres de Coelomycètes possédant des conidies étoilées et venant sur des arbres appartenant aux Fagales. Leur ressemblance morphologique suggère une étroite relation, mais le lien phylogénétique demeure inconnu. On les a distingués soit sur la base de la morphologie des conidiomata (pycnidies chez les Prosthemium et acervules chez les Asterosporium), ou sur celle des différences de leurs septations (euseptée chez les Prosthemium et distoseptée chez les Asterosporium). Afin de révéler leurs affinités phylogénétiques et d'établir des caractères phénotypiques distinctifs, les auteurs ont examiné cinq espèces de Prosthemium et deux espèces d'Asterosporium, en utilisant les séquences petite sous-unité, grande sous-unité, l'espaceur interne transcrit du l’ADN ribosomal, et le gène de la β-tubuline, à partir de 43 isolats de ces espèces. Les analyses révèlent ce qui suit ; (i) l'Asterosporium typifié par l'Asterosporium asterospermum sur Fagus appartient aux Sordariomycètes et diffère des Prosthemium appartenant aux Dothidéomycètes ; (ii) l'Asterosporium betulinum sur Betula spp. doit être exclu des Asterosporium et transféré au genre Prosthemium comme Prosthemium neobetulinum nom. nov. ; (iii) la septation conidiale ne semble pas avoir de valeurs diagnostiques, alors que la morphologie conidiomatale demeure utile pour distinguer les deux genres ; (iv) le nombre et la longueur des bras conidiens se révèlent comme des caractères utiles pour distinguer les espèces de Prosthemium. Les auteurs décrivent et illustrent une nouvelle espèce, le Prosthemium intermedium sp. nov., venant sur les Betula ernanii et Betula maximowicziana.
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Botany
Volume 88 • Number 12 • December 2010
Pages: 1057 - 1071
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Received: 17 August 2010
Accepted: 9 November 2010
Version of record online: 20 December 2010
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KazuakiTanakaK. Tanaka, Vadim A.Mel’nikV.A. Mel’nik, MaasaKamiyamaM. Kamiyama, KazuyukiHirayamaK. Hirayama, and TakashiShirouzuT. Shirouzu. 2010. Molecular phylogeny of two coelomycetous fungal genera with stellate conidia, Prosthemium and Asterosporium, on Fagales trees. Botany. 88(12): 1057-1071. https://doi.org/10.1139/B10-078