Oceanography: a View of the Earth

amount animals Atlantic Ocean atmosphere average beach benthic boundary carbon cause centimeters changes circulation coast coastal ocean continental shelf continental slope continents crust deep deep-ocean density deposits depth dissolved distribution earth earth's surface effect energy estuary evaporation fish flow fresh water Gulf heat Hemisphere inlets kilometers lagoon Laguna Madre land latitudes layer marsh meters mixing molecules moon nutrients occur ocean basins ocean bottom ocean surface ocean water oceanic crust Oceanographic open ocean oxygen Pacific Ocean Pamlico Sound particles percent Photograph courtesy phytoplankton plankton plants processes pycnocline radiation reef regions relatively ridges rise river discharge rocks salinity salt sand sea level seawater sediment shallow ship shoreline shown in Fig slope Sound species speed storm structure subsurface surface waters temperature and salinity tidal currents tidal range transport upwelling usually vertical volcanic water masses water movements water moves West Wind Drift wind zone zooplankton