Functional Self-Efficacy and Its Determinants in Nigerian Stroke Survivors

Abstract

Background: Self-efficacy enhances functional recovery and the overall outcome of rehabilitation after stroke. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify factors influencing functional self-efficacy in stroke survivors in a regional medical center in northeastern Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 50 stroke survivors attending the physiotherapy clinic of the University of Maiduguri, Nigeria, was conducted. Information on the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of participants was obtained. Functional ability and self-efficacy were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale and Functional Ability Confidence Scale, respectively. Results: The mean functional self-efficacy score of stroke survivors in this study was below average. Marital status and functional ability influenced functional self-efficacy. Very high functional efficacy scores were observed among those who reported no functional disability. Conclusion: The study shows a reciprocal relationship between functional ability and functional self-efficacy. It is expected that enhancement of functional ability in stroke rehabilitation will help boost functional self-efficacy of stroke survivors and vice versa.