Fertile Green: Green Facilitates Creative Performance
Abstract
The present research sought to extend the nascent literature on color and psychological functioning by examining whether perception of the color green facilitates creativity. In four experiments, we demonstrated that a brief glimpse of green prior to a creativity task enhances creative performance. This green effect was observed using both achromatic (white, gray) and chromatic (red, blue) contrast colors that were carefully matched on nonhue properties, and using both picture-based and word-based assessments of creativity. Participants were not aware of the purpose of the experiment, and null effects were obtained on participants’ self-reported mood and positive activation. These findings indicate that green has implications beyond aesthetics and suggest the need for sustained empirical work on the functional meaning of green.
Get full access to this article
View all access and purchase options for this article.
References
Adams F. M., Osgood C. E. (1973). A cross-cultural study of the affective meanings of color. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 4, 135-156.
Allan K. (2009). The connotations of English colour terms: Colour-based X-phemisms. Journal of Pragmatics, 41, 626-637.
Allen D. C. (1936). Symbolic color in the literature of the English renaissance. Philological Quarterly, 25, 81-92.
Amabile T. M. (1983). The social psychology of creativity: A componential conceptualization. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 357-376.
Ashby F. G., Isen A. M., Turken A. U. (1999). A neuropsychological theory of positive affect and its influence on cognition. Psychological Review, 106, 529-550.
Baas M., De Dreu C. K., Nijstad B. A. (2008). A meta-analysis of 25 years of mood-creativity research: Hedonic tone, activation, or regulatory focus? Psychological Bulletin, 134, 779-806.
Baas M., De Dreu C. K., Nijstad B. A. (2011). When prevention promotes creativity: The role of mood, regulatory focus, and regulatory closure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 794-809.
Baer J. (2008). Evidence of gender differences in creativity. Journal of Creative Behavior, 42, 78-105.
Basford K. (1978). The green man. Ipswich, UK: D.S. Brewer.
Bechtoldt M. N., De Dreu C., Nijstad B. A., Choi H.-S. (2010). Motivated information processing, social tuning, and group creativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99, 622-637.
Becker U. (2000). The continuum encyclopedia of symbols. New York, NY: Continuum.
Berman M. G., Jonides J., Kaplan S. (2008). The cognitive benefits of interacting with nature. Psychological Science, 19, 1207-1212.
Bijleveld E., Custers R., Aarts H. (2009). The unconscious eye opener: Pupil dilation reveals strategic recruitment of resources upon presentation of subliminal reward cues. Psychological Science, 20, 1313-1315.
Bringslimark T., Hartig T., Patil G. G. (2009). The psychological benefits of indoor plants: A critical review of the experimental literature. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29, 422-433.
Cameron D. (1936). Symbolic color in English renaissance literature. Philological Quarterly, 15, 81-93.
Carson S. H., Peterson J. B., Higgins D. M. (2005). Reliability, validity, and factor structure of the Creative Achievement Questionnaire. Creativity Research Journal, 17, 37-50.
Chamberlin V. A. (1968). Symbolic green: A time-honored characterizing device in Spanish literature. Hispania, 51, 29-37.
Cicchetti D. V., Sparrow S. A. (1981). Developing criteria for establishing interrater reliability of specific items: Applications to assessment of adaptive behavior. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 86, 127-137.
Clarke T., Costall A. (2008). The emotional connotations of color: A qualitative investigation. Color Research and Application, 33, 406-410.
Cretenet J., Dru V. (2009). Influence of peripheral and motivational cues on rigid-flexible functioning: Perceptual, behavioral, and cognitive aspects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138, 201-217.
D’Andrade R., Egan M. (1974). The colors of emotion. American Ethnologist, 1, 49-63.
Davidoff J., Fonteneau E., Goldstein J. (2008). Cultural differences in perception: Observations from a remote culture. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 8, 189-209.
De Dreu C. K., Baas M., Giacomantonio M. (2010). Processing modes and creativity: Why (not)? Psychological Inquiry, 21, 203-208.
De Dreu C. K., Baas M., Nijstad B. A. (2008). Hedonic tone and activation level in the mood-creativity link: Toward a dual pathway to creativity model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 739-756.
De Dreu C. K., Nijstad B. A. (2008). Mental set and creative thought in social conflict: Threat rigidity versus motivated focus. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 648-661.
De Dreu C. K., Nijstad B. A., Baas M. (2011). Behavioral activation links to creativity because of increased cognitive flexibility. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2, 72-80.
De Vries A. (2004). Elsevier’s dictionary of symbols and imagery (2nd enl. ed.). Boston, MA: Elsevier.
Dweck C. S. (1986). Motivational processes affecting learning. American Psychologist, 41, 1040-1048.
Elliot A. J. (1999). Approach and avoidance motivation and achievement goals. Educational Psychologist, 34, 169-189.
Elliot A. J., Feltman R., Maier M. A. (2011). An implicit green-growth association (Unpublished raw data). University of Rochester, NY.
Elliot A. J., Harackiewicz J. M. (1996). Approach and avoidance achievement goals and intrinsic motivation: A mediational analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 461-475.
Elliot A. J., Maier M. A. (2007). Color and psychological functioning. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16, 250-254.
Elliot A. J., Maier M. A., Binser M. J., Friedman R., Pekrun R. (2009). The effect of red on avoidance behavior in achievement contexts. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35, 365-375.
Elliot A. J., Maier M. A., Moller A. C., Friedman R., Meinhardt J. (2007). Color and psychological functioning: The effect of red on performance attainment. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 136, 154-168.
Elliot A. J., McGregor H. A. (2001). A 2 × 2 achievement goal framework. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80, 501-519.
Elliot A. J., McGregor H. A., Gable S. L. (1999). Achievement goals, study strategies, and exam performance: A mediational analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 91, 549-563.
Elliot A. J., Niesta D. (2008). Romantic red: Red enhances men’s attraction to women. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95, 1150-1164.
Elliot A. J., Niesta Kayser D., Greitemeyer T., Lichtenfeld S., Gramzow R. H., Maier M. A., Liu H. (2010). Red, rank, and romance in women viewing men. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 139, 399-417.
Elliot A. J., Payen V., Brisswalter J., Cury F., Thayer J. F. (2011). A subtle threat cue, heart rate variability, and cognitive performance. Psychophysiology, 48, 1340-2345.
Fairchild M. D. (2005). Color appearance models (2nd ed.). New York, NY: John Wiley.
Fehrman K. R., Fehrman C. (2004). Color: The secret influence (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Feist G. J. (1998). A meta-analysis of personality in scientific and artistic creativity. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2, 290-309.
Franklin A., Bevis L., Ling Y., Hurlbert A. (2010). Biological components of colour preference in infancy. Developmental Science, 13, 346-354.
Friedman R. S., Förster J. (2000). The effects of approach and avoidance motor actions on the elements of creative insight. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 477-492.
Friedman R. S., Förster J. (2001). The effects of promotion and prevention cues on creativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 1001-1013.
Friedman R. S., Förster J. (2002). The influence of approach and avoidance motor actions on creative cognition. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 41-55.
Friedman R. S., Förster J. (2005). Effects of motivational cues on perceptual asymmetry: Implications for creativity and analytical problem solving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 263-275.
Friedman R. S., Förster J. (2010). Implicit affective cues and attentional tuning: An integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 136, 875-893.
Furnham A., Bachtiar V. (2008). Personality and intelligence as predictors of creativity. Personality and Individual Differences, 45, 613-617.
Gage J. (1999). Color and meaning: Art, science, and symbolism. Berkley: University of California Press.
Gong Y., Huang J.-C., Farh J.-L. (2009). Employee learning orientation, transformational leadership, and employee creativity: The mediating role of employee creative self-efficacy. Academy of Management Journal, 52, 765-778.
Grieve K. W. (1991). Traditional beliefs and colour perception. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 72, 1319-1323.
Guilford J. P. (1967). The nature of human intelligence. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Hartmann P., Apaolaza-Ibáñez V. (2010). Beyond savanna: An evolutionary and environmental psychology approach to behavioral effects of nature scenery in green advertising. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 119-128.
Hattie J. (1980). Should creativity tests be administered under testlike conditions? An empirical study of three alternative conditions. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72, 87-98.
Heller E. (2004). Wie Farben wirken: Farbpsychologie, Farbsymbolik, Kreative Farbgestaltung How colors function: color psychology, color symbolism, creative color design. Berlin, Germany: Rowohlt.
Hembree R. (1988). Correlates, causes, effects, and treatment of test anxiety. Review of Educational Research, 58, 47-77.
Hennessey B. A., Amabile T. M. (2010). Creativity. Annual Review of Psychology, 61, 569-598.
Hirst G., Van Knippenberg D., Zhou J. (2009). A cross-level perspective on employee creativity: Goal orientation, team learning behavior, and individual creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 52, 280-293.
Hirt E. R., Levine G. M., McDonald H. E., Melton R. J., Martin L. L. (1997). The role of mood in quantitative and qualitative aspects of performance: Single or multiple mechanisms? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 33, 602-629.
Hirt E. R., Melton R. J., McDonald H. E., Harackiewicz J. M. (1996). Processing goals, task interest, and the mood-performance relationship: A mediational analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 245-261.
Hulleman C. S., Schrager S. M., Bodmann S. M., Harackiewicz J. M. (2010). A meta-analytic review of achievement goal measures: Different labels for the same constructs or different constructs with similar labels? Psychological Bulletin, 136, 422-449.
Hurlbert A. C., Ling Y. (2007). Biological components of sex differences in color preference. Current Biology, 17, R623-R625.
Hutchings J. (1997). Folklore and symbolism of green. Folklore, 108, 55-64.
Hutchings J. (2004). Colour in folklore and tradition—The principles. Color Research and Application, 29, 57-66.
Isen A. M., Daubman K. A., Nowicki G. P. (1987). Positive affect facilitates creative problem solving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1122-1131.
Jacobs W., Jacobs V. (1958). The color blue: It’s use as a metaphor and symbol. American Speech, 33, 29-46.
Janssen O., Van Yperen N. W. (2004). Employees’ goal orientations, the quality of leader-member exchange, and the outcomes of job performance and job satisfaction. Academy of Management Journal, 47, 368-384.
Jäger A. O., Süß H. M., Beauducel A. (1997). Berliner Intelligenzstruktur-Test (BIS) [Berlin Intelligence Structure Test (BIS)]. Göttingen, Germany: Hogrefe.
Judd C. M., Kenny D. A. (1981). Process analysis: Estimating mediation in treatment evaluations. Evaluation Review, 5, 602-619.
Kaplan R., Kaplan S. (1989). The experience of nature: A psychological perspective. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Kohn N. W., Paulus P. B., Choi Y. (2011). Building on the ideas of others: An examination of the idea of combination process. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47, 554-561.
Lichtenfeld S., Maier M. A., Elliot A. J., Pekrun R. (2009). The semantic red effect: Processing the word red undermines intellectual performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 1273-1276.
Ma H. H. (2009). The effect size of variables associated with creativity: A meta-analysis. Creativity Research Journal, 21, 30-42.
Mahnke F. H. (1996). Color, environment, and human response: An interdisciplinary understanding of color and its’ use as a beneficial element in the design of the architectural environment. New York, NY: John Wiley.
Maier M. A., Barchfeld P., Elliot A. J., Pekrun R. (2009). Context specificity of implicit preferences: The case of human preference for red. Emotion, 9, 734-738.
Maier M. A., Elliot A. J., Lichtenfeld S. (2008). Mediation of the negative effect of red on intellectual performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 1530-1540.
Matthews C. (2001). Sophia: Goddess of wisdom, bride of god. Wheaton, IL: Quest Books.
McCrea S. M., Hirt E. R. (2001). The role of ability judgments in self-handicapping. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 1378-1389.
Mednick S. A. (1962). The associative basis of the creative process. Psychological Review, 69, 220-232.
Mehta R., Zhu R. (2009). Blue or red? Exploring the effect of color on cognitive task performances. Science, 323, 1226-1229.
Moller A. C., Elliot A. J. (2006). The 2 × 2 achievement goal framework: An overview of empirical research. In Mittel A. V. (Ed.), Focus on educational psychology (pp. 307-326). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
Moller A. C., Elliot A. J., Maier M. A. (2009). Basic hue-meaning associations. Emotion, 9, 898-902.
Mumford M. D. (2003). Where have we been, where are we going? Taking stock in creativity research. Creativity Research Journal, 15, 107-120.
Nicholls J. G. (1984). Achievement motivation: Conceptions of ability, subjective experience, task choice, and performance. Psychological Review, 91, 328-346.
Niesta Kayser D., Elliot A. J., Feltman R. (2010). Red and romantic behavior in men viewing women. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 901-908.
Nijstad B. A., De Dreu C., Rietzschel E. F., Baas M. (2010). The dual pathway to creativity model: Creative ideation as a function of flexibility and persistence. European Review of Social Psychology, 21, 34-77.
Orians G. H., Heerwagen J. H. (1992). Evolved responses to landscapes. In Barkow J. H., Cosmides L., Tooby J. (Eds.), The adapted mind: evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture (pp. 555-579). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). (1989). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Pastoureau M. (2001). Blue: The history of a color. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Peterson L. K., Cullen C. D. (2000). Global graphics: Color-designing with color for an international market. Minneapolis, MN: Rockport.
Reuter M., Panksepp J., Schnabel N., Kellerhoff N., Kempel P., Hennig J. (2005). Personality and biological markers of creativity. European Journal of Personality, 19, 83-95.
Robinson M. D., Wilkowski B. M., Meier B. P. (2008). Approach, avoidance, and self-regulatory conflict: An individual differences perspective. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 65-79.
Roskes M., De Dreu C., Nijstad B. A. (2011). Overcoming the cognitive costs of creativity: When avoidance orientastimulates originality and insight. Manuscript submitted for publication.
Runco M. A. (2004). Creativity. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 657-687.
Runco M. A. (2005). Creativity: Theories and themes: Research, development, and practice. Burlington, MA: Elsevier.
Runco M. A., Charles R. E. (1993). Judgments of originality and appropriateness as predictors of creativity. Personality and Individual Differences, 15, 537-546.
Ryan R. M., Weinstein N., Bernstein J., Brown K. W., Mistretta L., Gagne M. (2010). Vitalizing effects of being outdoors and in nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 159-168.
Schwarz N., Bless H. (1991). Happy and mindless, but sad and smart? The impact of affective states on analytic reasoning. In Forgas J. P. (Ed.), Emotion and social judgments (pp. 55-71). Oxford, UK: Pergamon.
Senko C., Hulleman C. S., Harackiewicz J. M. (2011). Achievement goal theory at the crossroads: Old controversies, current challenges, and new directions. Educational Psychologist, 46, 26-47.
Shally C. E., Gilson L. L., Blum T. C. (2009). Interactive effects of growth need strength, work context, and job complexity on self-reported creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 52, 489-505.
Shibata S., Suzuki N. (2004). Effects of an indoor plant on creative task performance and mood. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 45, 373-381.
Simonton D. K. (2003). Scientific creativity as constrained stochastic behavior: The integration of product, person, and process perspectives. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 475-494.
Soldat A. S., Sinclair R. C. (2001). Colors, smiles, and frowns: External affective cues can directly affect responses to persuasive communications in a mood-like manner without affecting mood. Social Cognition, 19, 469-490.
Sternberg R. J., Lubart T. I. (1999). The concept of creativity: Prospects and paradigms. In Sternberg R. J. (Ed.), Handbook of creativity (pp. 3-15). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Stokes M., Fairchild M. D., Berns R. S. (1992). Precision requirements for digital color reproduction. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 11, 406-422.
Thayer R. E. (1986). Activation-Deactivation Adjective Check List: Current overview and structural analysis. Psychological Reports, 58, 607-614.
Tracy J. L., Robins R. W. (2008). The nonverbal expression of pride: Evidence for cross-cultural recognition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94, 516-530.
Ulrich R. S. (1984). View through a window may influence recovery from surgery. Science, 224, 420-421.
Ulrich R. S. (1993). Biophilia, biophobia, and natural landscapes. In Kellert S. A., Wilson E. O. (Eds.), The biophilia hypothesis (pp. 74-137). Washington, DC: Island Press/Shearwater.
Urdan T., Midgley C. (2001). Academic self-handicapping: What we know, what more there is to learn. Educational Psychology Review, 13, 115-138.
Valdez P., Mehrabian A. (1994). Effects of color on emotions. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 123, 394-409.
Wallach M. A., Kogan N. (1965). Modes of thinking in young children: A study of the creativity-intelligence distinction. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Wasserfall R. (1999). Women and water: Menstruation in Jewish life and law. Hanover, NH: Brandeis University Press.
Weis S., Süß H.-M. (2007). Reviving the search for social intelligence: A multitrait-multimethod study of its structure and construct validity. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 3-14.
Whitfield T. W., Wiltshire T. J. (1990). Color psychology: A critical review. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 116, 385-411.
Wierzbicka A. (1990). The meaning of color terms: Semantics, culture, and cognition. Cognitive Linguistics, 1, 99-150.
Williams K. J., Cary J. (2002). Landscape preferences, ecological quality, and biodiversity protection. Environment & Behavior, 34, 257-274.
Wilson E. O. (1984). Biophilia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Wilson R. C., Guilford J. P., Christensen P. R. (1953). The measurement of individual differences in originality. Psychological Bulletin, 50, 362-370.
Winkielman P., Schwarz N., Fazendeiro T. A., Reber R. (2003). The hedonic marking of processing fluency: Implications for evaluative judgment. In Musch J., Klauer K. C. (Eds.), The psychology of evaluation: Affective processes in cognition and emotion (pp. 189-217). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Wolf K. (2007). The color blue in old Norse-Icelandic literature. In Williams R. (Ed.), Scripta Islandica (pp. 55-78). Uppsala: Swedish Science Press.
Zanna M. P., Fazio R. H. (1982). The attitude-behavior relation: Moving toward a third generation of research. In Zanna M. P., Higgins E. T., Herman C. P. (Eds.), Consistency in social behavior: The Ontario symposium (Vol. 2, pp. 283-301). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Cite article
Cite article
Cite article
OR
Download to reference manager
If you have citation software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice
Information, rights and permissions
Information
Published In
Article first published online: March 16, 2012
Issue published: June 2012
Keywords
PubMed: 22427383
Authors
Metrics and citations
Metrics
Journals metrics
This article was published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.
VIEW ALL JOURNAL METRICSArticle usage*
Total views and downloads: 4525
*Article usage tracking started in December 2016
Altmetric
See the impact this article is making through the number of times it’s been read, and the Altmetric Score.
Learn more about the Altmetric Scores
Articles citing this one
Receive email alerts when this article is cited
Web of Science: 87 view articles Opens in new tab
Crossref: 94
-
The effects of visual design on eco-labels evaluations: guidelines for...
-
Emotional face recognition when a colored mask is worn: a cross-sectio...
-
Red induces hyperalgesia and white induces hypoalgesia regardless of p...
-
Eye-tracking control of an adjustable electric bed: construction and v...
-
EXPLORING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF WELL-CERTIFIED K-12 SCHOOLS: A COMPRE...
-
Nature and patient waiting: Mediating effects of anxiety and perceived...
-
Approach in green, avoid in red? Examining interindividual variabiliti...
-
Detecting Greenwashing! The Influence of Product Colour and Product Pr...
-
Green Is Not the Same as Green: Differentiating Between the Associatio...
-
The Impact of Hotel Room Colors on Affective Responses, Attitude, and ...
-
Emotionally Driven Film Referral System Using Color Psychology
-
Effect of a Microalgae Facade on Design Behaviors: A Pilot Study with ...
-
Restorative Effects of Observing Natural and Urban Scenery after Worki...
-
Modeling brand color emotions, perceived brand creativity, perceived v...
-
Interaction between color and attentional level in children’s conflict...
-
Incivilities and Dehumanization: The Role of the Physical Environment
-
A review of the effects of architectural stimuli on human psychology a...
-
Affective association with and preference for flexible brace colors in...
-
Science education for and as resiliency through indoor agriculture
-
Nurture the Genii: Possibilities
-
The Atmosphere: Forest Climate and Its Health Effects
-
The Place to Be: Organizational Culture and Organizational Climate for...
-
Red shirt color has no effect on winning in European Soccer: Reanalysi...
-
How Do Nature-Based Solutions’ Color Tones Influence People’s Emotiona...
-
Physiological and Psychological Effects of Visual Stimulation with Gre...
-
Food packaging and the color red: How negative cognitive associations ...
-
Toward the Biophilic Residential Regeneration for the Green New Deal
-
‘To LED or Not to LED?’: Using Color Priming for Influencing Consumers...
-
Color‐hierarchies in executive control of monkeys' behavior
-
Green Buildings
-
Emotional design for digital games for learning: The effect of express...
-
Visual Design Cues Impacting Food Choice: A Review and Future Research...
-
Investigation of color‐emotion associations of the university students
-
Polarities influence implicit associations between colour and emotion
-
The Effect of Color on Letter Discrimination Can Be Modulated by the G...
-
The Effect of Biophilic Design Patterns on Employee's Health and Well-...
-
Biophilic wisdom of the thirteenth and fourteenth century Seljukians’ ...
-
Biophilic Design
-
Embodied Design im Überblick
-
Using Red Font Influences the Emotional Perception of Critical Perform...
-
The Predictive Creative Mind: A First Look at Spontaneous Predictions ...
-
A Color Research System based on Image Search Engine : Compare with Ko...
-
Creative Flexibility Performance Is Neither Related to Anxiety, Nor to...
-
The Impact of Stimuli Color in Lexical Decision and Semantic Word Cate...
-
Method of Synchronized Fractal and Musical Dynamics as a Means to Achi...
-
Looking Through “Rose-Tinted” Glasses: The Influence of Tint on Visual...
-
Representation of the soundscape quality in urban areas through colour...
-
Incorporating biophilia into green building rating tools for promoting...
-
Asymmetric effect of context‐specific color priming on interpretation ...
-
The Physical Environment and Creativity
-
Cultural Disposition Influences in Workgroups: A Motivational Systems ...
-
Die Atmosphäre des Waldes: Das Waldklima und seine gesundheitlichen Au...
-
Lasting Lessons in Outdoor Learning: A Facilitation Model Emerging fro...
-
Applying the benefits of biophilic theory to hospital design
-
Environmental Design, Personality, and Online Learning
-
Ambient Green and Creativity
-
Can creative role models prime creativity in soccer players?
-
ShopRight : A Game-Based Approach for Motivating Healthy Shopping Habi...
-
Facilitation of creative performance by using blue and red accent ligh...
-
Biophilic Design
-
Inspiration
-
The influence of plant species richness on stress recovery of humans
-
Development of the Red-Negative Association: Motivation-based behavior...
-
Creativity in local government: Definition and determinants
-
Isolated Environmental Cues and Product Efficacy Penalties: The Color ...
-
Bringing nature to work: Preferences and perceptions of constructed in...
-
Emotionality of Colors: An Implicit Link between Red and Dominance
-
Implications of the idea of neurodiversity for understanding the origi...
-
Das interne Umfeld als Facilitator
-
Colours’ Impact on Morality: Evidence from Event-related Potentials
-
The palette that stands out: Color compositions of online curated visu...
-
Exploring adolescents’ knowledge, perceptions and attitudes towards Re...
-
The effect of colour on children's cognitive performance
-
Designing the learning spaces of a university library
-
Facilitating creative thinking in the classroom: Investigating the eff...
-
The Power of Urban Nature: The Essential Benefits of Biophilic Urbanis...
-
Color in achievement contexts in humans
-
Affect-related influences on color perception
-
The Color Red Supports Avoidance Reactions to Unhealthy Food
-
Constraints that Help or Hinder Creative Performance: A Motivational A...
-
Grounding context in face processing: color, emotion, and gender
-
Ego Depletion in Color Priming Research...
-
Red, Purple and Pink: The Colors of Diffusion on Pinterest
-
Seeing red? The effect of colour on intelligence test performance
-
Traces across the body: the influence of music-dance synchrony on the ...
-
Seeing Life through Positive-Tinted Glasses: Color–Meaning Association...
-
Oxytonergic circuitry sustains and enables creative cognition in human...
-
Is red the colour of danger? Testing an implicit red–danger associatio...
-
Environmental Psychology Matters
-
Color Psychology: Effects of Perceiving Color on Psychological Functio...
-
Exposure to the Color Red Enhances Creative Thinking Depending on Appe...
-
Avoidance Motivation and Conservation of Energy
-
No psychological effect of color context in a low level vision task
Figures and tables
Figures & Media
Tables
View Options
Get access
Access options
If you have access to journal content via a personal subscription, university, library, employer or society, select from the options below:
loading institutional access options
SPSP members can access this journal content using society membership credentials.
SPSP members can access this journal content using society membership credentials.
Alternatively, view purchase options below:
Purchase 24 hour online access to view and download content.
Access journal content via a DeepDyve subscription or find out more about this option.
