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Impact of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Seed Germination and Growth of Nonabokra Rice, Mortality of Bean Weevil, and Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity

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Abstract

Nanotechnology has become a newly diversified field due to its potential uses in healthcare, the environment, and agriculture. In this article, we have reported the impacts of shape, size, and phase of three types of TiO2 nanoparticles (anatase, aeroxide p25, and degussa p25) on the germination and seedling growth of Nonabokra rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants, the mortality rate of Callosobruchus chinensis, antimicrobial effectiveness, and cytotoxicity test on brine shrimp (Artemia salina). Phase identification and crystallographic parameters of these TiO2 nanoparticles were evaluated from X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Anatase, aeroxide p25, and degussa p25 TiO2 have crystallite sizes calculated using the Debye-Scherrer formula that are 49.26, 21.11, and 21.01 nm, respectively. Lattice strain and dislocation density are inversely linked to crystallite size. The spherical and agglomeration nanoparticle form morphologies of the corresponding pure and mixed phases of TiO2 were confirmed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The impact of TiO2 on germination rates and seedling growth was investigated on Nonabokra rice. The smaller sized (21 nm) agglomerated (aeroxide p25 and degussa p25) TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited better germination rates, reaching almost on average 91.93% of aeroxide p25 TiO2 and 88.32% of degussa p25 in comparison to the large-sized (49.26 nm) spherical anatase TiO2 nanoparticles (germination rate on average 86.76%). According to this study, the aeroxide p25 TiO2 has a greater positive impact on rice seedling growth than its counterpart materials. The maximum fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of seedlings observed for aeroxide p25 TiO2 were 166.97 and 27.50 g, respectively. Aeroxide p25 TiO2 nanoparticles had a substantial impact on the mortality rate of Callosobruchus chinensis, resulting in 100% death after 14 days of treatment and indicating a potential use for this nanostructured material in the control of insect pests. The antibacterial effectiveness of these three types of TiO2 was investigated against two Gram-positive: S. aureus and E. faecalis and two Gram-negative: E. coli and P. aeruginosa bacteria and observations indicated that TiO2 has no antibacterial capabilities; hence, it cannot prevent bacterial growth. In a cytotoxicity test on brine shrimp, the mixed phase of TiO2 (aeroxide p25) was found to be less toxic than anatase TiO2. We found that TiO2 nanoparticles have a considerable favorable influence on the environment, playing a vital role in getting improved growth effects on rice seedlings and suppressing a major insect pest of pulses.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, QST, Takasaki, Japan for supporting in the utilization of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Pronabananda Das & ANK Mamun

  2. Institute of Electronics, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Sapan Kumar Sen & Abdul Al Mortuza

  3. Institute of Radiation and Polymer Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Serajum Manir

  4. Radiation Entomology and Acarology Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Shahinur Islam & ATM Fayezul Islam

  5. Department of Botany, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Nasrin Sultana & Md. Tanvir Ahsan

  6. Institute of Tissue Banking and Biomaterial Research, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Liakat Hossain

  7. Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    M. R. Hasan

  8. Department of Glass & Ceramic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    M. A. Hakim

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  1. Pronabananda Das
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  12. M. A. Hakim
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Contributions

P. D.: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing — original draft, writing — review and editing, resources, visualization; S. K. S.: conceptualization, methodology, software, validation, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing — original draft, writing — review and editing, resources, visualization; supervision, project administration; Md. S. I.: resources, investigation, data curation, writing — review and editing; A. A. M.: writing — review and editing, software; M. S. M.: resources, investigation, data curation; Md. L. H.: resources, investigation, data curation, writing — review and editing; N. S. and Md. T. A.: resources, investigation, data curation, writing — review and editing; M. R. H.: data curation; ATM F. I.: resources, investigation; ANK M.: resources, investigation; M. A. H.: resources, investigation.

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Correspondence to Sapan Kumar Sen.

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Das, P., Sen, S.K., Manir, M.S. et al. Impact of TiO2 Nanoparticles on Seed Germination and Growth of Nonabokra Rice, Mortality of Bean Weevil, and Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity. BioNanoSci. 14, 102–118 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-023-01273-0

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