Systematically Designed Periodic Electrophoretic Deposition for Decorating 3D Carbon-Based Scaffolds with Bioactive Nanoparticles
- Mohammadreza Taale
Mohammadreza TaaleBiocompatible Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, GermanyMore by Mohammadreza Taale
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- Diana Krüger
Diana KrügerHelmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Materials Research, Division Metallic Biomaterials, Max-Planck-Str. 1, D-21502 Geesthacht, GermanyMore by Diana Krüger
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- Emmanuel Ossei-Wusu
Emmanuel Ossei-WusuFunctional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, GermanyMore by Emmanuel Ossei-Wusu
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- Fabian Schütt
Fabian SchüttFunctional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, GermanyMore by Fabian Schütt
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- Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman
Muhammad Atiq Ur RehmanInstitute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Space Technology Islamabad, 1, Islamabad Highway, Islamabad 44000, PakistanMore by Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman
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- Yogendra Kumar Mishra
Yogendra Kumar MishraFunctional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, GermanyMore by Yogendra Kumar Mishra
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- Janik Marx
Janik MarxInstitute of Polymer and Composites, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, D-21073 Hamburg, GermanyMore by Janik Marx
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- Norbert Stock
Norbert StockInstitute of Inorganic Chemistry, Kiel University, Max-Eyth Straße 2, D-24118 Kiel, GermanyMore by Norbert Stock
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- Bodo Fiedler
Bodo FiedlerInstitute of Polymer and Composites, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, D-21073 Hamburg, GermanyMore by Bodo Fiedler
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- Aldo R. Boccaccini
Aldo R. BoccacciniInstitute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstrasse 6, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyMore by Aldo R. Boccaccini
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- Regine Willumeit-Römer
Regine Willumeit-RömerHelmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Materials Research, Division Metallic Biomaterials, Max-Planck-Str. 1, D-21502 Geesthacht, GermanyMore by Regine Willumeit-Römer
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- Rainer Adelung
Rainer AdelungFunctional Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, GermanyMore by Rainer Adelung
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- Christine Selhuber-Unkel*
Christine Selhuber-Unkel*E-mail: [email protected]Biocompatible Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, D-24143 Kiel, GermanyMore by Christine Selhuber-Unkel
Abstract
The coating of porous scaffolds with nanoparticles is crucial in many applications, for example to generate scaffolds for catalysis or to make scaffolds bioactive. A standard and well-established method for coating surfaces with charged nanoparticles is electrophoresis, but when used on porous scaffolds, this method often leads to a blockage of the pores so that only the outermost layers of the scaffolds are coated. In this study, the electrophoretic coating process is monitored in situ and the kinetics of nanoparticle deposition are investigated. This concept can be extended to design a periodic electrophoretic deposition (PEPD) strategy, thus avoiding the typical blockage of surface pores. In the present work we demonstrate successful and homogeneous electrophoretic deposition of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAn, diameter ≤200 nm) on a fibrous graphitic 3D structure (ultralightweight aerographite) using the PEPD strategy. The microfilaments of the resulting scaffold are covered with HAn both internally and on the surface. Furthermore, protein adsorption assays and cell proliferation assays were carried out and revealed that the HAn-decorated aerographite scaffolds are biocompatible. The HAn decoration of the scaffolds also significantly increases the alkaline phosphatase activity of osteoblast cells, showing that the scaffolds are able to promote their osteoblastic activity.
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