Real GDP per capita, growth rate and totals

GDP includes goods and services that have markets (or which could have markets) and products which are produced by general government and non-profit institutions. For measuring the growth rate of real GDP, the GDP at current prices are valued in prices of the previous year and the thus computed volume changes are imposed on the level of a reference year; this is called a chain-linked series. Accordingly, price movements will not inflate the growth rate. Real GDP per capita is calculated as the ratio of real GDP to the average population of a specific year. It is often used as an indicator of how well off a country is, since it is a measure of average real income in that country. However, it is not a complete measure of economic welfare. For example, GDP does not include most unpaid household work. Neither does GDP take account of negative effects of economic activity, like environmental degradation. Real GDP per capita is based on rounded figures. Discrepancies in tables between totals and percentages are due to rounding.

Additional information on Eurostat web page

Percentage change on previous period
	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015
EU (28 countries)	..	1.8	2.7	2.8	2.7	3.7	1.7	1.0	1.1	2.1	1.7	3.0	2.7	-0.1	-4.8	1.7	1.5	-0.7	-0.3 ^(f)	1.1 ^(f)	1.7 ^(f)
EU (27 countries)	..	1.7	2.7	2.8	2.7	3.6	1.7	1.0	1.1	2.1	1.7	2.9	2.7	-0.1	-4.8	1.7	1.4	-0.7	-0.3 ^(f)	1.1 ^(f)	1.7 ^(f)
Belgium	22.6 ^(b)	1.2	3.5	1.7	3.3	3.4	0.5	0.9	0.4	2.8	1.2	2.0	2.1	0.2	-3.5	1.4	0.9	-0.8	-0.6 ^(f)	0.4 ^(f)	0.7 ^(f)
Bulgaria	..	-8.6	-1.0	5.6	2.5	6.3	7.5	5.2	6.4	7.3	6.9	6.8	7.0	6.7	-5.0	1.1	4.4	1.4	1.4 ^(f)	2.6 ^(f)	2.9 ^(f)
Czech Republic	6.3	4.7 ^(b)	-0.7	-0.2	1.8	4.3	3.6	2.4	3.8	4.7	6.5	6.7	5.2	2.0	-5.1	2.2	2.0	-1.1	-1.1 ^(f)	1.7 ^(f)	2.0 ^(f)
Denmark	2.6	2.2	2.7	1.8	2.2	3.2	0.3	0.1	0.1	2.1	2.1	3.1	1.2	-1.4	-6.2	0.9	0.7	-0.7	0.1 ^(f)	1.3 ^(f)	1.5 ^(f)
Germany	1.4	0.5	1.5	1.9	1.8	2.9	1.3	-0.2	-0.4	1.2	0.7	3.8	3.4	1.3	-4.9	4.2	3.3	0.5	0.3 ^(f)	1.5 ^(f)	1.9 ^(f)
Estonia	8.7	7.6	13.3	7.8	0.7	10.3	6.7	7.0	8.2	6.7	9.1	10.3	7.7	-4.0	-14.1	2.6	9.5	4.0	1.4 ^(f)	3.1 ^(f)	3.9 ^(f)
Ireland	..	9.0	10.2	7.4	9.8	9.2	3.4	3.6	2.0	2.4	3.7	2.8	1.9	-4.2	-7.3	-1.5	1.8	-0.1	-0.5 ^(f)	0.8 ^(f)	1.5 ^(f)
Greece	..	1.6	3.0	2.8	3.0	4.1	3.9	3.1	5.6	4.0	1.9 ^(b)	5.1	3.1	-0.6	-3.5	-5.2	-7.0	-6.3	-4.0 ^(f)	0.6 ^(f)	2.9 ^(f)
Spain	4.8	2.3	3.6	4.1	4.2	4.2	2.5	1.2	1.4	1.6	1.9	2.5	1.6	-0.7	-4.5	-0.5	-0.1	-1.7	-1.1 ^(f)	0.8 ^(f)	1.9 ^(f)
France	1.7	0.7	1.8	3.0	2.8	3.0	1.1	0.2	0.2	1.8	1.1	1.8	1.7	-0.6	-3.6	1.2	1.5	-0.5	-0.3 ^(f)	0.4 ^(f)	1.2 ^(f)
Croatia	..	10.1	4.7	3.6	-2.2	6.7	3.3	4.8	5.4	4.1	4.3	5.0	5.1	2.2	-6.8	-2.0	3.3 ^(p)	-1.8 ^(p)	-0.5 ^(f)	0.6 ^(f)	1.4 ^(f)
Italy	2.9	1.1	1.8	1.4	1.4	3.6	1.8	0.1	-0.8	0.7	0.2	1.6	0.9	-1.9	-6.1	1.2	0.1	-2.8	-2.3 ^(f)	0.3 ^(f)	0.9 ^(f)
Cyprus	..	0.2	0.9	3.7	3.7	3.9	2.9	1.0	0.6	2.9	2.4	2.4	2.9	1.0	-4.5	-1.3	-2.1	-3.9 ^(p)	-9.7 ^(f)	-4.9 ^(f)	0.1 ^(f)
Latvia	0.8	5.2	10.7	6.6	3.8	6.3 ^(b)	8.7 ^(b)	8.4 ^(b)	8.7 ^(b)	10.0 ^(b)	11.3 ^(b)	12.0 ^(b)	10.9 ^(b)	-1.7 ^(b)	-16.3 ^(b)	0.8 ^(b)	7.4 ^(b)	6.2	4.9 ^(f)	5.0 ^(f)	5.0 ^(f)
Lithuania	..	6.0	8.9	8.4	-0.3	4.4	7.6	7.7	11.2	8.6	9.6	9.5	11.1	4.0	-13.9	3.7	8.5 ^(b)	5.1	4.3 ^(f)	4.3 ^(f)	4.0 ^(f)
Luxembourg	..	0.3	4.6	5.1	6.9	7.0	1.4	3.0	0.4	3.0	3.6	3.3	4.9	-2.5	-7.3	1.2	-0.4	-2.4	0.2 ^(f)	0.2 ^(f)	-0.4 ^(f)
Hungary	..	0.3	3.3	4.3	3.5	4.5	4.0	4.8	4.1	5.0	4.2	4.1	0.3	1.1	-6.6	1.3	1.9	-1.2	0.9 ^(f)	1.9 ^(f)	2.2 ^(f)
Malta	..	..	..	..	..	..	-0.8	1.7	0.1	-0.9	3.0	2.0	3.6	3.2	-3.8	4.2	1.3	-0.1	1.3 ^(f)	1.6 ^(f)	1.8 ^(f)
Netherlands	2.6	3.0	3.7	3.3	4.0	3.2	1.2	-0.6	-0.1	1.9	1.8	3.2	3.7	1.4	-4.2	1.0	0.5	-1.6	-1.3 ^(f)	0.0 ^(f)	0.9 ^(f)
Austria	2.5	2.3	2.2	3.7	3.3	3.4	0.5	1.2	0.4	1.9	1.7	3.1	3.4	1.1	-4.1	1.5	2.5	0.4	0.0 ^(f)	1.2 ^(f)	1.4 ^(f)
Poland	..	6.2	7.1	5.0	4.6	4.3	1.2	1.5	4.0	5.4	3.7	6.3	6.8	5.1	1.5	2.9	4.5	1.9 ^(b)	1.3 ^(f)	2.6 ^(f)	3.0 ^(f)
Portugal	..	3.4	4.1	4.7	3.6	3.4	1.3	0.0	-1.6	1.0	0.3	1.1	2.1	-0.1	-3.0	1.9	-1.1	-2.8	-1.0 ^(f)	0.9 ^(f)	1.6 ^(f)
Romania	..	3.5	-4.6	-1.9	-0.2	2.5	5.8	8.0	5.5	8.8	4.4	8.1	6.5	7.5	-6.4	-1.0	2.5	0.9	2.4 ^(f)	2.3 ^(f)	2.6 ^(f)
Slovenia	7.4	3.6	5.1	3.7	5.3	4.0	2.8	3.7	2.9	4.4	3.8	5.5	6.4	3.2 ^(b)	-8.8 ^(b)	0.9 ^(b)	0.5	-2.7	-2.8 ^(f)	-1.2 ^(f)	0.6 ^(f)
Slovakia	7.5	6.7	4.3	4.2	-0.1	1.3	3.9	4.6	4.8	5.0	6.6	8.3	10.4	5.6	-5.1	4.2	3.6	1.6	0.6 ^(f)	1.8 ^(f)	2.6 ^(f)
Finland	3.6	3.2	5.9	4.8	3.7	5.1	2.1	1.6	1.8	3.8	2.6	4.0	4.9	-0.2	-9.0	2.9	2.3	-1.3	-1.1 ^(f)	0.1 ^(f)	1.1 ^(f)
Sweden	3.4	1.5	2.7	4.1	4.6	4.3	1.0	2.2	2.0	3.8	2.7	3.7	2.6	-1.4	-5.8	5.7	2.2	0.2	0.2 ^(f)	1.9 ^(f)	2.6 ^(f)
United Kingdom	3.2	3.2	4.1	3.3	2.6	4.0	1.8	1.9	3.5	2.7	2.6	2.2	2.7	-1.4	-5.8	0.9	0.4	-0.7	0.6 ^(f)	1.5 ^(f)	1.6 ^(f)
Iceland	-0.4	4.2	4.1	5.2	2.8	2.9	2.5	-0.7	1.8	6.6	6.0	1.8	3.6	-1.3	-6.5	-3.7	2.4	0.9	0.5 ^(f)	1.2 ^(f)	1.8 ^(f)
Norway	3.7	4.5	4.8	2.1	1.3	2.6	1.5	0.9	0.4	3.4	1.9	1.4	1.7	-1.3	-2.8	-0.8	-0.1	1.7	0.6 ^(f)	1.3 ^(f)	1.3 ^(f)
Switzerland	-0.1	0.1	1.9	2.5	0.9	3.1	0.2	-0.6	-0.8	1.7	2.0	3.0	3.0	0.9	-3.1	3.1	0.7	0.3	0.6 ^(f)	0.6 ^(f)	0.1 ^(f)
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the	..	..	..	2.8	3.8	3.8	-4.9	1.6	2.5	4.3	4.1	4.9	6.0	4.8	-1.1	2.7	2.6 ^(e)	-0.4 ^(f)	2.0 ^(f)	2.3 ^(f)	2.6 ^(f)
Serbia	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	4.4	2.8	9.6	5.7	4.0	5.8	4.3	-3.1	1.4	2.0	-1.4 ^(f)	2.1 ^(f)	1.9 ^(f)	2.4 ^(f)
Turkey	5.5	5.4	5.9	3.1	-4.7	5.3	-7.0	4.8	3.9	8.0	7.1	5.6	3.4	-0.6	-6.1	7.6	7.4 ^(f)	0.9 ^(f)	2.2 ^(f)	1.7 ^(f)	3.0 ^(f)
United States	1.5	2.6	3.2	3.2	3.7	3.0	-0.1	0.8	1.8	2.9	2.4	1.7	0.8	-1.2	-3.7	1.7	1.1	2.0	0.8 ^(f)	1.9 ^(f)	2.4 ^(f)
Japan	1.4	2.4	1.4	-2.3	-0.4	2.1	0.1	0.2	1.5	2.3	1.2	1.7	2.2	-1.0	-5.4	4.2	-0.4	2.2 ^(f)	2.2 ^(f)	2.0 ^(f)	1.3 ^(f)
Euro per inhabitant
	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015
EU (28 countries)	18200	18500	19000	19500	20000	20800	21100	21400	21600	22000	22400	23100	23700	23700	22600	22900	23300	23100	..	..	..
EU (27 countries)	18300	18600	19100	19600	20200	20900	21300	21500	21700	22200	22500	23200	23800	23800	22700	23100	23400	23200	..	..	..
Belgium	24000 ^(b)	24300	25200	25600	26500	27400	27500	27700	27800	28600	29000	29500	30200	30200	29200	29600	29800	29600	..	..	..
Bulgaria	2100	1900	1900	2000	2100	2200	2300	2500	2600	2800	3000	3200	3400	3700	3500	3500	3700	3700	..	..	..
Czech Republic	7600	7900 ^(b)	7900	7900	8000	8300	8600	8800	9200	9600	10200	10900	11500	11700	11100	11400	11600	11500	..	..	..
Denmark	32400	33100	34000	34600	35400	36500	36600	36700	36700	37500	38300	39400	39900	39300	36900	37300	37500	37200	..	..	..
Germany	24100	24200	24600	25100	25500	26300	26600	26600	26500	26800	27000	28000	29000	29300	27900	29100	30000	30200	..	..	..
Estonia	4000	4300	4800	5200	5200	5800	6200	6600	7100	7600	8300	9200	9900	9500	8100	8300	9100	9500	..	..	..
Ireland	21800	23800	26200	28100	30900	33700	34900	36100	36900	37800	39200	40300	41000	39300	36400	35900	36500	36400	..	..	..
Greece	12600	12800	13200	13500	13900	14500	15100	15500	16400	17100	17400 ^(b)	18300	18800	18700	18100	17100	15900	14900	..	..	..
Spain	16100	16400	17000	17700	18500	19200	19700	20000	20200	20600	21000	21500	21800	21700	20700	20600	20600	20200	..	..	..
France	23400	23500	24000	24700	25400	26100	26400	26500	26500	27000	27300	27800	28200	28100	27000	27400	27800	27600	..	..	..
Croatia	5300	5800	6100	6300	6100	6500	6800	7100	7500	7800	8100	8500	8900	9100	8500	8300	8600 ^(p)	8500 ^(p)	..	..	..
Italy	21900	22100	22500	22900	23200	24000	24500	24500	24300	24500	24500	24900	25100	24700	23200	23500	23500	22800	..	..	..
Cyprus	14800	14800	15000	15500	16100	16700	17200	17400	17500	18000	18400	18900	19400	19600	18700	18500	18100	17400 ^(p)	..	..	..
Latvia	2700	2800	3100	3300	3500	3700 ^(b)	4000 ^(b)	4300 ^(b)	4700 ^(b)	5200 ^(b)	5800 ^(b)	6500 ^(b)	7200 ^(b)	7000 ^(b)	5900 ^(b)	5900 ^(b)	6400 ^(b)	6800	..	..	..
Lithuania	3200	3400	3700	4000	3900	4100	4400	4800	5300	5800	6300	6900	7700	8000	6900	7100	7700 ^(b)	8100	..	..	..
Luxembourg	46100	46200	48300	50800	54300	58100	58900	60700	60900	62700	65000	67200	70400	68700	63700	64500	64200	62600	..	..	..
Hungary	6100	6100	6300	6600	6800	7100	7400	7700	8000	8400	8800	9200	9200	9300	8700	8800	8900	8800	..	..	..
Malta	..	..	..	..	..	11900	11800	12000	12000	11900	12200	12500	12900	13300	12800	13400	13500	13500	..	..	..
Netherlands	25500	26300	27200	28100	29300	30200	30500	30400	30300	30900	31500	32500	33700	34200	32700	33100	33200	32700	..	..	..
Austria	24300	24900	25400	26400	27200	28200	28300	28600	28800	29300	29800	30800	31800	32100	30800	31300	32100	32200	..	..	..
Poland	4200	4500	4800	5000	5300	5500	5600	5600	5900	6200	6400	6800	7300	7600	7800	8000	8300	8500 ^(b)	..	..	..
Portugal	12000	12400	12900	13500	14000	14500	14700	14700	14400	14600	14600	14800	15100	15100	14600	14900	14700	14300	..	..	..
Romania	..	2800	2700	2600	2600	2700	2900	3100	3200	3500	3700	4000	4200	4600	4300	4200	4300	4400	..	..	..
Slovenia	9800	10100	10700	11000	11600	12100	12400	12900	13300	13800	14400	15100	16100	16600 ^(b)	15200 ^(b)	15300 ^(b)	15400	15000	..	..	..
Slovakia	4800	5100	5300	5500	5500	5600	5800	6100	6400	6700	7100	7700	8500	9000	8600	8900	9200	9400	..	..	..
Finland	21400	22100	23400	24500	25400	26700	27300	27700	28200	29300	30000	31200	32700	32700	29700	30600	31300	30900	..	..	..
Sweden	24900	25300	25900	27000	28200	29400	29700	30400	31000	32200	33000	34300	35100	34700	32600	34500	35200	35300	..	..	..
United Kingdom	23100	23900	24900	25700	26300	27400	27900	28400	29400	30200	31000	31700	32500	32100	30200	30500	30600	30400	..	..	..
Iceland	31300	32700	34000	35800	36800	37800	38800	38500	39200	41800	44300	45100	46700	46100	43100	41500	42500	42800	..	..	..
Norway	42000	43900	46000	47000	47600	48800	49600	50000	50200	51900	52900	53700	54600	53900	52400	52000	51900	52800	..	..	..
Switzerland	37000	37000	37700	38700	39000	40200	40300	40100	39700	40400	41300	42500	43800	44200	42800	44200	44500	44600	..	..	..
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the	..	..	2000	2000	2100	2200	2100	2100	2200	2300	2400	2500	2600	2800	2700	2800	2900 ^(e)	..	..	..	..
Serbia	..	..	..	..	..	..	2200	2300	2400	2600	2700	2800	3000	3100	3000	3100	3100	..	..	..	..
Turkey	4200	4500	4700	4900	4600	4900	4500	4800	5000	5300	5700	6000	6300	6200	5800	6300	..	..	..	..	..
United States	28200	28900	29900	30800	32000	32900	32900	33100	33800	34700	35600	36200	36500	36000	34700	35300	35700	36400	..	..	..
Japan	26500	27100	27500	26900	26800	27300	27400	27400	27800	28500	28800	29300	29900	29700	28100	29200	29100	..	..	..	..

(..) - not available
(f) - forecast
(b) - break in time series
(p) - provisional
(e) - estimated

Source: Eurostat